In International Union of Painters & Allied Trades, Dist. Council No. 4 v. New York State Dept. of Labor, the New York State Court of Appeals held that apprentices who are not performing the job functions of their trade must be paid the higher, journeyman wages. In this case, a union sponsored a glazier apprenticeship program, but while working as apprentice glaziers, the workers also performed some ironworker duties. The Court held that this work had to be paid at the higher journeyman wage.
See here for more information: https://law.justia.com/cases/new-york/court-of-appeals/2018/101.html